Background: Following the recommendations by a panel of experts gathered by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2005, an inventory was established with the aim to collect practices of human xenotransplantation worldwide (www.humanxenotransplant.org). The website  was initially activated in October 2006, in collaboration with the IXA, the University Hospital Geneva and the WHO. A first report on the collected xenotransplantation activities was published in 2010 in the journal Transplantation. In 2020, the website was redesigned, and its hosting and management was transferred to the Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital.

Methods: We collected information from publications in scientific journals, presentations at international congresses, the internet, and declarations of International Xenotransplantation Association members on xenotransplantation procedures in humans performed during the past 10 years.

Results: A total of 4 new applications of human xenotransplantation were identified. The source animal was the pig (n = 4). The procedures involved transplantation of islets of Langerhans (n = 1), skin (n = 1), cornea (n = 1), and choroid plexus cells (n = 1). The treatments were performed in China (n = 2), in the USA (n = 1) and in New Zealand (n = 1). No major complications or deaths were reported.

Conclusion: Several clinical applications of cell or tissue xenotransplantation are ongoing around the world. Compared to the previous reported period (1995-2000, with 29 activities, mostly without governmental regulation), the recent number of clinical activities was reduced, but all were officially approved. This information should be used to inform healthcare staff and the public with the objective of encouraging good practices based on internationally harmonized guidelines.